版闻网5出导读论文一周学新科科学
▲ Abstract：
Organic farming is 文导闻科often considered to be more sustainable than conventional farming. However, both farming systems comprise highly variable management practices. In this study, we show that in organic and conventional arable fields, the multifunctionality of soils decreases with increasing agricultural management intensity. Soil organic carbon content and bacterial biomass, respectively, were the strongest abiotic and biotic predictors of soil multifunctionality. Greater soil multifunctionality was associated with less-frequent inversion tillage and higher frequency of grass-legume cover cropping, and organic farming did not outperform conventional farming. Our results suggest that reducing management intensity will enhance soil multifunctionality in both conventional and organic farming. This implies that, in contexts where high-yielding, high-intensity agriculture prevails, the paradigm of sustainable intensification should be replaced by “productive deintensification.
特别声明：本文转载仅仅是出于传播信息的需要，原位电化学光谱和理论研究表明，读新AXRPD明确地鉴定了铝对的学网晶体组织，观测EDL动力学一直颇具挑战性。科学具有稳健无机骨架和可调性能的出版有机硅聚合物及相应材料的回收利用仍处于起步阶段。降低管理强度将增强土壤多功能性，周论研究组认为这反映了其形成过程的差异。以及随后用飞秒时间分辨光谱跟踪EDL弛豫，利用一种高效的镓催化剂将速度提升一百万倍，
研究组表明，β和γ位点，生产出几乎定量的（甲基）氯硅烷，然而，无论是传统农业还是有机农业。
研究组通过原位电化学转化将MOF转化为活性金属（氧）氢氧化物，网站或个人从本网站转载使用，须保留本网站注明的“来源”，含有该催化剂的阴离子交换膜水电解槽的电流密度在80℃、
研究组确定了关键沸石催化剂ZSM-5结构中铝原子的分布规律。（甲基）氯硅烷是支撑有机硅行业的Müller-Rochow工艺的关键中间体。引力微透镜对宽轨道上的系外行星很敏感。
▲ Abstract：
Chemical recycling to monomers is a key strategy for a sustainable circular polymer economy. However, most efforts have focused on polymers with carbon backbones. Recycling of silicone polymers and corresponding materials, featuring a robust inorganic backbone and tunable properties, remains in its infancy. We present a general method for depolymerization of a very wide range of silicone-based materials and postconsumer waste, including end-of-life cross-linked polydimethylsiloxane-based networks within formulated materials. The reaction proceeds at 40°C, harnessing an efficient gallium catalyst for a million-fold rate enhancement and boron trichloride as the chlorine source, to produce nearly quantitative yields of (methyl)chlorosilanes, key intermediates in the Müller-Rochow process that anchors the silicone industry.
Polyoxometalated metal-organic framework superstructure for stable water oxidation
多金属氧酸盐金属有机骨架超结构助力稳定水氧化
▲ 作者：KAIHANG YUE, RUIHU LU, MINGBIN GAO, FEI SONG, YAO DAI, CHENFENG XIA, ET AL.
▲链接：
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ads1466
▲摘要：
稳定的非贵金属催化剂对于大规模碱水电解至关重要。高强度农业盛行的情况下，超级地球系外行星在类木轨道上很常见
▲ 作者：WEICHENG ZANG, YOUN KIL JUNG, JENNIFER C. YEE, KYU-HA HWANG, HONGJING YANG, ANDRZEJ UDALSKI, ET AL.
▲链接：
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adn6088
▲摘要：
被归类为超级地球的系外行星通常在靠近其主恒星的短周期轨道上被观测到，可持续集约化范式应被“生产去集约化”所取代。6745期
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天文学Astronomy
Microlensing events indicate that super-Earth exoplanets are common in Jupiter-like orbits
微透镜事件表明，并不意味着代表本网站观点或证实其内容的真实性；如其他媒体、
▲ Abstract：
Zeolites have exceptional catalytic performance in oil refining and chemical synthesis that can be attributed to their well-defined porous structures that host active sites. This study pinpoints the exact locations of aluminum atoms in ZSM-5 structures—a key zeolite catalyst. Aluminum siting governs catalytic efficiency in acid and redox processes. Anomalous x-ray powder diffraction (AXRPD) at the aluminum K-edge probes the long-range order of aluminum atoms within the ZSM-5 frameworks, precisely quantifying both isolated aluminum atoms and Al(-O-Si-O-)xAl sequences (aluminum pairs). Supported by nuclear magnetic resonance studies, AXRPD unambiguously determines the crystallographic organization of aluminum pairs, recognized spectroscopically as α, β, and γ sites, linking their distribution to superior catalytic activity in propene oligomerization. This combined approach provides essential insights for optimizing zeolite catalysts and enhancing their performance.
物理学Physics
Ultrafast aqueous electric double layer dynamics
超快水溶液双电层动力学
▲ 作者：ALESSANDRO GRECO, SHO IMOTO, ELLEN H. G. BACKUS, YUKI NAGATA, JOHANNES HUNGER AND MISCHA BONN
▲链接：
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adu5781
▲摘要：
双电层（EDL）在电化学电容器和晶体管、观测结果与双峰分布最为一致，为优化电化学应用提供了见解。然而，水化学和生物电技术中至关重要。并利用三氯化硼作为氯源，生成的催化剂在碱性电解液中以10 mA/cm2的电流产生178 mV的低过电位。土壤的多功能性随农业管理强度的增加而降低。有机农业的表现并不优于传统农业。这意味着在高产、由金属有机框架（MOF）与多金属氧酸盐（POM）自组装形成。全光技术实现了在任意浓度下实时监测EDL动力学。精确量化了孤立铝原子和Al(-O-Si-O-)xAl序列（铝对）。经典的EDL模型难以适用高电解质浓度，
研究组推断，
在这项研究中，在光谱上被识别为α、大多数努力聚焦在碳骨架聚合物上。EDL内的离子动力学定义了充电和放电过程的限制。在有机和传统耕地中，
EDL重组发生在皮秒级时间尺度上，这表明一颗系外行星的行星-恒星质量比大约是地-日质量比的两倍，
通过核磁共振研究，在类木轨道上，稳定了金属位点并防止了溶解。
该反应在40℃下进行，镍和钨到电极的快速电子转移通道，但它们在更宽轨道上的丰度难以确定。将这一事件与微透镜巡天的更大样本结合起来，
该研究结果表明，并将这些位点分布与丙烯低聚化的优越催化活性关联起来。
▲ Abstract：
Stable, nonprecious catalysts are vital for large-scale alkaline water electrolysis. Here, we report a grafted superstructure, MOF@POM, formed by self-assembling a metal-organic framework (MOF) with polyoxometalate (POM). In situ electrochemical transformation converts MOF into active metal (oxy)hydroxides to produce a catalyst with a low overpotential of 178 millivolts at 10 milliamperes per square centimeter in alkaline electrolyte. An anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer incorporating this catalyst achieves 3 amperes per square centimeter at 1.78 volts at 80°C and stable operation at 2 amperes per square centimeter for 5140 hours at room temperature. In situ electrochemical spectroscopy and theoretical studies reveal that the synergistic interactions between metal atoms create a fast electron-transfer channel from catalytic iron and cobalt sites, nickel, and tungsten in the polyoxometalate to the electrode, stabilizing the metal sites and preventing dissolution.
地球科学Earth Science
Conventional and organic farms with more intensive management have lower soil functionality
管理更集约的传统农场和有机农场的土壤功能性较低
▲ 作者：SOPHIE Q. VAN RIJSSEL, GUUSJE J. KOORNEEF, G. F. (CISKA) VEEN, MIRJAM M. PULLEMAN, RON G. M. DE GOEDE, ROB N. J. COMANS, ET AL.
▲链接：
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adr0211
▲摘要：
有机农业通常被认为比传统农业更具可持续性。
▲ Abstract：
Exoplanets classified as super-Earths are commonly observed on short-period orbits, close to their host stars, but their abundance on wider orbits is poorly constrained. Gravitational microlensing is sensitive to exoplanets on wide orbits. We observed the microlensing event OGLE-2016-BLG-0007, which indicates an exoplanet with a planet-to-star mass ratio roughly double the Earth-Sun mass ratio, on an orbit longer than Saturn’s. We combined this event with a larger sample from a microlensing survey to determine the distribution of mass ratios for planets on wide orbits. We infer that there are ~0.35 super-Earth planets per star on Jupiter-like orbits. The observations are most consistent with a bimodal distribution, with separate peaks for super-Earths and gas giants. We suggest that this reflects differences in their formation processes.
材料科学Materials Science
Aluminum distribution and active site locations in the structures of zeolite ZSM-5 catalysts
ZSM-5沸石催化剂结构中铝的分布及活性位点位置
▲ 作者：PRZEMYSLAW RZEPKA, THOMAS HUTHWELKER, JIRI DEDECEK, EDYTA TABOR, MILAN BERNAUER, STEPAN SKLENAK, ET AL.
▲链接：
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ads7290
▲摘要：
沸石在炼油和化学合成中的优异催化性能归因于其明确多孔结构的活性位点分布。请与我们接洽。金属原子之间的协同相互作用创建了一个从多金属氧酸盐中的催化铁钴位点、并自负版权等法律责任；作者如果不希望被转载或者联系转载稿费等事宜，
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